First, the needs of the FTD was English for survival needs program for false-begining level. It involved 40 FTD as participants through taxonomic ADDIE procedure which included: (1) analysis (on the FTD needs), (2) designing (prototype of English for Foreign Tourist Drivers/EFTD), (3) developing and (4) implementing (the designed prototype), and (5) evaluating (the developed EFTD). It focuses on designing English training materials especially for foreign tourist drivers (FTD) by using cultural language learning approach (CLLA) in order to preserve Javanese culture as one of Yogyakarta’s missions defined in its 2004-2025 long term development. It was a multi-design research granted by the directorate of higher education. This research aimed at Designing Needs Analysis-Based English Training Materials for Tourist Drivers as a Means of Transportation Service in Yogyakarta. We also found that there may be possible challenges, including the limitation of self-directed learning, the pitfall of institutionalised capital and a lack of social interaction. The principles used in deschooling, such as flexibility, inclusiveness, adaptability and personalisation, are alternatives for everyone to have freedom of access, use, copy, and modify learning resources. Based on our findings, we can conclude that deschooling society is certainly viable.

To strengthen our argument, we have provided three case studies in the form of informal learning, non-formal learning and e-learning related to deschooling initiatives. The argument in this paper utilised an in-depth literature review and discourse analysis in the deschooling debate. The learning webs, a key enabler in deschooling discourse, are realistic when implemented with the help of 21st century’s technology. Instead, the recall of deschooling discourse aims to provide more recognition of learning activities outside of the school setting. What we mean by deschooling in this paper is not the abolishment of the schooling system. We argue that the deschooling idea, first introduced by Illich before the era of the Internet, has become relevant in relation to today’s education challenges.

This essay discusses deschooling concept as an alternative learning delivery method to achieve education for all.

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